Ivacaftor

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE KALYDECO is indicated for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) in patients aged 1 month and older who have at least one mutation in the CFTR gene that is responsive to ivacaftor potentiation based on clinical and/or in vitro assay data [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.1) and Clinical Studies (14) ] . If the patient's genotype is unknown, an FDA-cleared CF mutation test should be used to detect the presence of a CFTR mutation followed by verification with bi-directional sequencing when recommended by the mutation test instructions for use. KALYDECO is a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) potentiator indicated for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) in patients aged 1 month and older who have at least one mutation in the CFTR gene that is responsive to ivacaftor based on clinical and/or in vitro assay data. ( 12.1 , 14 ) If the patient's genotype is unknown, an FDA-cleared CF mutation test should be used to detect the presence of a CFTR mutation followed by verification with bi-directional sequencing when recommended by the mutation test instructions for use. ( 1 )

12.1 Mechanism of Action Ivacaftor is a potentiator of the CFTR protein. The CFTR protein is a chloride channel present at the surface of epithelial cells in multiple organs. Ivacaftor facilitates increased chloride transport by potentiating the channel open probability (or gating) of CFTR protein located at the cell surface. The overall level of ivacaftor-mediated CFTR chloride transport is dependent on the amount of CFTR protein at the cell surface and how responsive a particular mutant CFTR protein is to ivacaftor potentiation. CFTR Chloride Transport Assay in Fischer Rat Thyroid (FRT) cells expressing mutant CFTR The chloride transport response of mutant CFTR protein to ivacaftor was determined in Ussing chamber electrophysiology studies using a panel of FRT cell lines transfected with individual CFTR mutations. Ivacaftor increased chloride transport in FRT cells expressing CFTR mutations that result in CFTR protein being delivered to the cell surface. The in vitro CFTR chloride transport response threshold was designated as a net increase of at least 10% of normal over baseline because it is predictive or reasonably expected to predict clinical benefit. For individual mutations, the magnitude of the net change over baseline in CFTR-mediated chloride transport in vitro is not correlated with the magnitude of clinical response. A patient must have at least one CFTR mutation responsive to ivacaftor to be indicated. Note that splice site mutations cannot be studied in the FRT assay. Evidence of clinical efficacy exists for non-canonical splice mutations 2789+5G→A , 3272-26A→G , 3849+10kbC→T , 711+3A→G and E831X and these are listed in Table 3 below [see also Clinical Studies (14.4) ] . The G970R mutation causes a splicing defect resulting in little-to-no CFTR protein at the cell surface that can be potentiated by ivacaftor [see Clinical Studies (14.2) ] . Ivacaftor also increased chloride transport in cultured human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells derived from CF patients who carried F508del on one CFTR allele and either G551D or R117H-5T on the second CFTR allele. Table 3 lists mutations that are responsive to ivacaftor based on 1) a positive clinical response and/or 2) in vitro data in FRT cells indicating that ivacaftor increases chloride transport to at least 10% over baseline (% of normal). Table 3: List of CFTR Gene Mutations that Produce CFTR Protein and are Responsive to KALYDECO 711+3A→G Clinical data exist for these mutations [see Clinical Studies (14) ] . F311del I148T R75Q S589N 2789+5G→A F311L I175V R117C S737F 3272-26A→G F508C I807M R117G S945L 3849+10kbC→T F508C;S1251N Complex/compound mutations where a single allele of the CFTR gene has multiple mutations; these exist independent of the presence of mutations on the other allele. I1027T R117H S977F A120T F1052V I1139V R117L S1159F A234D F1074L K1060T R117P S1159P A349V G178E L206W R170H S1251N A455E G178R L320V R347H S1255P A1067T G194R L967S R347L T338I D110E G314E L997F R352Q T

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Age Weight Dosage Administration 1 month to less than 2 months 3 kg or greater One 5.8 mg packet every 12 hours Mixed with one teaspoon (5 mL) of soft food or liquid and administered orally with fat-containing food 2 months to less than 4 months 3 kg or greater One 13.4 mg packet every 12 hours 4 months to less than 6 months 5 kg or greater One 25 mg packet every 12 hours 6 months to less than 6 years 5 kg to less than 7 kg One 25 mg packet every 12 hours 7 kg to less than 14 kg One 50 mg packet every 12 hours 14 kg or greater One 75 mg packet every 12 hours 6 years and older - One 150 mg tablet every 12 hours Taken orally with fat-containing food See full prescribing information for the recommended dosage in patients aged 6 months and older with moderate or severe hepatic impairment. ( 2.3 , 8.6 ) See full prescribing information for dosage modifications due to drug interactions with KALYDECO. ( 2.4 , 7.1 ) Not recommended in pediatric patients less than 1 month of age. ( 2.2 , 8.4 ) Not recommended in patients 1 month to less than 6 months of age with any level of hepatic impairment and/or taking concomitant moderate or strong CYP3A inhibitors. ( 2.3 , 2.4 , 8.6 ) 2.1 Recommended Dosage in Adults and Pediatric Patients Aged 6 Years and Older The recommended dosage of KALYDECO for adults and pediatric patients aged 6 years and older is 150 mg orally every 12 hours (300 mg total daily dose) with fat-containing food [ see Dosage and Administration (2.5) ]. 2.2 Recommended Dosage in Pediatric Patients Aged 1 Month to Less than 6 Years The recommended dosage of KALYDECO (oral granules) for pediatric patients aged 1 month to less than 6 years is weight-based provided in Table 1. Take KALYDECO orally with fat-containing food [see Dosage and Administration (2.5) ] . Table 1: Recommended Dosage of KALYDECO Oral Granules by Body Weight in Pediatric Patients Aged 1 Month to Less than 6 Years Age Body Weight (kg) KALYDECO Dosage 1 month to less than 2 months KALYDECO is not recommended for use in pediatric patients under 1 month of age. Use of KALYDECO in pediatric patients aged 1 to less than 6 months born at a gestational age less than 37 weeks has not been evaluated. 3 kg or greater One packet (containing 5.8 mg ivacaftor) every 12 hours 2 months to less than 4 months 3 kg or greater One packet (containing 13.4 mg ivacaftor) every 12 hours 4 months to less than 6 months 5 kg or greater One packet (containing 25 mg ivacaftor) every 12 hours 6 months to less than 6 years of age 5 kg to less than 7 kg One packet (containing 25 mg ivacaftor) every 12 hours 7 kg to less than 14 kg One packet (containing 50 mg ivacaftor) every 12 hours 14 kg or greater One packet (containing 75 mg ivacaftor) every 12 hours 2.3 Recommended Dosage for Patients with Hepatic Impairment KALYDECO is not recommended in patients less than 6 months of age with any level of hepatic impairment. The following is the recommended dosage of KALYDECO taken with fat-containing food [see Dosage and Administration (2.5) ] for patients aged 6 months and older with hepatic impairment: Mild Hepatic Impairment (Child-Pugh Class A): Less than 6 months of age: KALYDECO is not recommended. No dosage adjustment is necessary for patients aged 6 months or older [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . Moderate Hepatic Impairment (Child-Pugh Class B): Less than 6 months of age: KALYDECO is not recommended. 6 months to less than 6 years of age: one packet (containing 25 mg, 50 mg, or 75 mg ivacaftor) of oral granules once daily based on dosing recommended for age and weight in Table 1 [see Dosage and Administration (2.2) ]. 6 years of age and older: 150 mg orally once daily. Severe Hepatic Impairment (Child-Pugh Class C): Should not be used in patients less than 6 months of age. In patients aged 6 months and older should be used with caution. KALYDECO has not been studied in patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class C), but exposure is expected t

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the labeling: Transaminase Elevations [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Hypersensitivity Reactions, Including Anaphylaxis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Intracranial Hypertension [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] Neuropsychiatric Events, Including Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] Cataracts [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6) ] The most common adverse drug reactions to KALYDECO (≥8% of patients with CF who have a G551D mutation in the CFTR gene) were headache, oropharyngeal pain, upper respiratory tract infection, nasal congestion, abdominal pain, nasopharyngitis, diarrhea, rash, nausea, and dizziness. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated at 1-877-634-8789 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch . 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice. The overall safety profile of KALYDECO is based on pooled data from three placebo-controlled clinical trials conducted in 353 patients 6 years of age and older with CF who had a G551D mutation in the CFTR gene (Trials 1 and 2) or were homozygous for the F508del mutation (Trial 3). In addition, the following clinical trials have also been conducted [ see Clinical Pharmacology (12) and Clinical Studies (14) ]: An 8-week, crossover design trial (Trial 4) involving 39 patients between the ages of 6 and 57 years with a G1244E , G1349D , G178R , G551S , G970R , S1251N , S1255P , S549N , or S549R mutation in the CFTR gene. A 24-week, placebo-controlled trial (Trial 5) involving 69 patients between the ages of 6 and 68 years with an R117H mutation in the CFTR gene. A 24-week, open-label trial (Trial 6) in 34 patients 2 to less than 6 years of age. Patients eligible for Trial 6 were those with the G551D, G1244E , G1349D , G178R , G551S , G970R , S1251N , S1255P , S549N , or S549R mutation in the CFTR gene. Of 34 patients enrolled, 32 had the G551D mutation and 2 had the S549N mutation. An 8-week, crossover design trial (Trial 7) involving patients between the ages of 12 and 72 years who were heterozygous for the F508del mutation and a second CFTR mutation predicted to be responsive to ivacaftor. A total of 156 patients were randomized to and received KALYDECO. A 24-week open-label clinical trial in patients with CF aged less than 24 months (Trial 8) including a cohort of 19 patients aged 12 months to less than 24 months, a cohort of 11 patients aged 6 months to less than 12 months, a cohort of 6 patients aged 4 months to less than 6 months, and a cohort of 7 patients aged 1 month to less than 4 months. Patients with a gating mutation or R117H mutation were eligible for the first three cohorts of this study. Patients with any ivacaftor-responsive mutation were eligible for the cohort aged 1 to less than 4 months. Of the 353 patients included in the pooled analyses of patients with CF who had either a G551D mutation or were homozygous for the F508del mutation in the CFTR gene, 50% of patients were female and 97% were Caucasian; 221 received KALYDECO, and 132 received placebo for 16 to 48 weeks. The proportion of patients who prematurely discontinued study drug due to adverse reactions was 2% for KALYDECO-treated patients and 5% for placebo-treated patients. Serious adverse reactions, whether considered drug-related or not by the investigators, that occurred more frequently in KALYDECO-treated patients, included abdominal pain, increased hepatic enzymes, and hypoglycemia. The most common adverse reactions in the 221 patients treated with KALYDECO were headache (17%), upper respiratory tract infection (16%), nasal congestion (16%),

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Elevated transaminases (ALT or AST): Transaminases (ALT and AST) should be assessed prior to initiating KALYDECO, every 3 months during the first year of treatment, and annually thereafter. In patients with a history of transaminase elevations, more frequent monitoring of liver function tests should be considered. Patients who develop increased transaminase levels should be closely monitored until the abnormalities resolve. Interrupt dosing in patients with ALT or AST of greater than 5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN). Following resolution of transaminase elevations, consider the benefits and risks of resuming KALYDECO dosing. ( 5.1 , 6 ) Hypersensitivity reactions: Anaphylaxis has been reported with KALYDECO in the postmarketing setting. Initiate appropriate therapy in the event of a hypersensitivity reaction. ( 5.2 ) Intracranial hypertension : Intracranial hypertension (IH) has been reported in the postmarketing setting with use of drugs containing the same or similar active ingredients as KALYDECO. If an unusual headache or visual disturbances occur during treatment, and IH is suspected, interrupt KALYDECO and refer for prompt medical evaluation. ( 5.3 ) Neuropsychiatric events, including suicidal thoughts and behaviors : Serious neuropsychiatric events, including symptoms of anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation and behavior, and sleep disturbances, have been reported in the postmarketing setting for KALYDECO or drugs containing the same or similar active ingredient. Monitor patients closely for new or worsening symptoms. Consider the risks and benefits for the individual patient to determine if therapy with KALYDECO should be interrupted at the occurrence of neuropsychiatric symptoms. ( 5.4 ) Use with CYP3A inducers: Concomitant use with strong CYP3A inducers (e.g., rifampin, St. John's wort) substantially decreases exposure of ivacaftor, which may diminish effectiveness. Therefore, co-administration is not recommended. ( 5.5 , 7.2 , 12.3 ) Cataracts: Non-congenital lens opacities/cataracts have been reported in pediatric patients treated with KALYDECO. Baseline and follow-up examinations are recommended in pediatric patients initiating KALYDECO treatment. ( 5.6 ) 5.1 Transaminase (ALT or AST) Elevations Elevated transaminases have been reported in patients with CF receiving KALYDECO. ALT and AST should be assessed prior to initiating KALYDECO, every 3 months during the first year of treatment, and annually thereafter. For patients with a history of transaminase elevations, consider more frequent monitoring of liver function tests. Patients who develop increased transaminase levels should be closely monitored until the abnormalities resolve. Dosing should be interrupted in patients with ALT or AST of greater than 5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN). Following resolution of transaminase elevations, consider the benefits and risks of resuming KALYDECO [see Adverse Reactions (6) and Use in Specific Populations (8.6) ] . 5.2 Hypersensitivity Reactions, Including Anaphylaxis Hypersensitivity reactions, including cases of anaphylaxis, have been reported in the postmarketing setting [see Adverse Reactions (6.2) ] . If signs or symptoms of serious hypersensitivity reactions develop during treatment, discontinue KALYDECO and institute appropriate therapy. Consider the benefits and risks for the individual patient to determine whether to resume treatment with KALYDECO . 5.3 Intracranial Hypertension Cases of intracranial hypertension (IH) have been reported in the postmarketing setting with the use of drugs containing the same or similar active ingredients as KALYDECO [see Adverse Reactions (6.2) ] . Clinical manifestations of IH include headache, blurred vision, diplopia, and potential vision loss; papilledema can be found on fundoscopy. If an unusual headache or visual disturbances occur during treatment, and IH is suspected, interrupt KALYDECO and refer for prompt medical evaluation. Conside

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS None. None ( 4 )

10 OVERDOSAGE There have been no reports of overdose with KALYDECO. No specific antidote is available for overdose with KALYDECO. Treatment of overdose with KALYDECO consists of general supportive measures including monitoring of vital signs and observation of the clinical status of the patient.